Interestingly, this is culture dependent even today. In Russia, which is a lot more typically "European" than many Americans imagine, had pink and blue reversed as gender markers right up through the end of the 20th century, and while they are changing a bit now, it's hardly universal. For example, pink seems one of the favorite clothing color choices of uber-macho-man Vladimir Putin.

Light blue (they have a separate name for that color) is very much a feminine color, and also a slur for effeminate gay men.